Geography and History of Costa Rica

Costa Rica, officially called the Republic of Costa Rica, is located on the Central American isthmus between Nicaragua and Panama. Because it is on an isthmus, Costa Rica also has coastlines along the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. The country features numerous rainforests and a plethora of flora and fauna, which make it a popular destination for tourism and ecotourism. Fast Facts: Costa Rica Official Name: Republic of Costa RicaCapital:  San JosePopulation: 4,987,142 (2018)Official Language: SpanishCurrency: Costa Rican colà ³n (CRC)Form of Government: Presidential republicClimate: Tropical and subtropical; dry season (December to April); rainy season (May to November); cooler in highlandsTotal Area: 19,730 square miles (51,100 square kilometers)Highest Point: Cerro Chirripo at 12,259 feet (3,819 meters)  Lowest Point: Pacific Ocean at 0 feet (0 meters) History Costa Rica was first explored by Europeans beginning in 1502 with Christopher Columbus. He named the region Costa Rica, meaning rich coast, as he and other explorers hoped to find gold and silver in the area. European settlement began in Costa Rica in 1522 and from the 1570s until the 1800s it was a Spanish colony. In 1821, Costa Rica then joined other Spanish colonies in the region and made a declaration of independence from Spain. Shortly thereafter, the newly independent Costa Rica and other former colonies formed a Central American Federation. However, cooperation between the countries was short-lived and border disputes frequently occurred in the mid-1800s. As a result of these conflicts, the Central American Federation eventually collapsed and in 1838, Costa Rica declared itself a fully independent state. After declaring its independence, Costa Rica underwent a period of stable democracy beginning in 1899. In that year, the country experienced its first free elections, which have continued until today despite two problems in the early 1900s and in 1948. From 1917–1918, Costa Rica was under the dictatorial rule of Federico Tinoco and in 1948, the presidential election was disputed and Jose Figueres led a civilian uprising, which led to a 44-day civil war. Costa Ricas civil war caused the deaths of more than 2,000 people and was one of the most violent times in the countrys history. Following the end of the civil war though, a constitution was written which declared that the country would have free elections and universal suffrage. Costa Ricas first election following the civil war was in 1953 and was won by Figueres. Today, Costa Rica is known as one of the most stable and economically successful Latin American countries. Government Costa Rica is a republic with a single legislative body made up of its Legislative Assembly, whose members are elected by popular vote. The judicial branch of government in Costa Rica is comprised only of a Supreme Court. Costa Ricas executive branch has a chief of state and head of government—both of which are filled by the president, who is elected by popular vote. Costa Rica underwent its most recent election in February 2010. Laura Chinchilla won the election and became the countrys first female president. Economics and Land Use Costa Rica is considered one of the most economically prosperous countries in Central America and a major part of its economy comes from its agricultural exports. Costa Rica is a well-known coffee producing region, while pineapples, bananas, sugar, beef, and ornamental plants also contribute to its economy. The country is also growing industrially and produces goods such as medical equipment, textiles and clothing, construction materials, fertilizer, plastic products, and high-value goods such as microprocessors. Ecotourism and the related service sector is also a significant part of Costa Ricas economy because the country is highly biodiverse. Geography, Climate, and Biodiversity Costa Rica has a varied topography with coastal plains that are separated by volcanic mountain ranges. There are three mountain ranges running throughout the country. The first of these is the Cordillera de Guanacaste and runs to the Cordillera Central from the northern border with Nicaragua. The Cordillera Central runs between the central part of the country and the southern Cordillera de Talamanca which bounds the Meseta Central (Central Valley) near San Josà ©. Most of Costa Ricas coffee is produced in this region. The climate of Costa Rica is tropical and has a wet season that lasts from May to November. San Jose, which is located in Costa Ricas Central Valley, has an average July high temperature of 82 degrees (28 °C) and an average January low of 59 degrees (15 °C). The coastal lowlands of Costa Rica are incredibly biodiverse and feature many different types of plants and wildlife. Both coasts feature mangrove swamps and the Gulf of Mexico side is heavily forested with tropical rainforests. Costa Rica also has several large national parks to protect its plethora of flora and fauna. Some of these parks include the Corcovado National Park (home to large cats such as jaguars and smaller animals like Costa Rican monkeys), Tortuguero National Park and Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve. More Facts †¢ Costa Ricas official languages are English and Creole.†¢ Life expectancy in Costa Rica is 76.8 years.†¢ Costa Ricas ethnic breakdown is 94% European and mixed native-European, 3% African, 1% native and 1% Chinese. Sources Central Intelligence Agency. (2010, April 22). CIA - The World Factbook - Costa Rica.Infoplease.com. Costa Rica: History, Geography, Government, and Culture - Infoplease.com.United States Department of State. Costa Rica.

Mirror Image Compared to Alice in Wonderland - 773 Words

Alices Conversion The feeling of not knowing who the person really is and how they feel can be hard. This emotion was described in the story â€Å"Mirror Image† by Lena Coakley. This short story had a girl named Alice who had to go through a brain transplant. This changed her whole life. Because of this brain transplant, she sometimes felt that she was not really herself but felt that she was Gail, who was the body of the person she was in. This is also an allusion to another Alice in the fantasy world but that book was written by Lewis Carroll and the name of that novel is Alice Adventures in Wonderland. The book mentioned right above had the same type of allusion in which the main character is pretty much lost as to who she is and how†¦show more content†¦Jarred, Gail’s father. That’s how Alice in Wonderland felt about her feelings towards not knowing who she was by saying â€Å"I cant explain myself, Im afraid, sir, because I’m not myself you see† to th e Caterpillar (pg.19). Alice was very confused about herself and could not answer Caterpillars questions even though she tried. These questions that popped in both Alices heads where alike in the same sense of not knowing how their feelings and reaction to this situation was.Show MoreRelated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Essay1609 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough John Lennon claims that he had no intention of making references to LSD in his song, the abstract lyrics and metaphoric language invite drug connotation. Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds and White Rabbit mirror each other in their association with LSD and their allusions to Alice in Wonderland, but looking into these songs more deeply it is obvious that both artists were writing about escape; escaping reality. 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Liberty And Justice For All - 1381 Words

Liberty and Justice for All â€Å"One nation, Under God, Indivisible with liberty and justice for all†. For many of us, this line from the Pledge of Allegiance is ingrained into our memory. The most common place in which this pledge is recited is at schools. It is said casually before the morning announcements, school assemblies and graduations, just to list a few. I find it ironic that this pledge is declared by students all over the nation due to the fact that it is a lie. The United States of America has yet to deliver â€Å"liberty and justice for all† persons. The White supremacist nation which was built to protect and defend whiteness would crumble if this promise was actually taken seriously. This notion of whiteness is engrained in all†¦show more content†¦In both movies, Bring It On and Freedom Writers, minorities have to constantly prove their worth. In Bring It On, it is conveyed because the entire purpose of this movie is for the black cheerleading team, The East Compton Clo vers, to prove that they can compete with the white, six-time national winning, cheering squad the Toros. This would seem like a fair task except that the Toros stole their cheers from the Clovers because their old captain, Big Red, knew that the Clovers could not afford to go to playoffs. The East Compton Clovers are a disenfranchised team that is located in an urban neighborhood which is under resourced. In contest, the Toro team attends Rancho Carne High School in San Diego, this school is well funded and highly resourced. Therefore, it seems like an impossible task for the Clovers to compete with the Toros under these conditions but it is what is expected out of them. This means that if both teams competed and the Clovers loss, their lost would be because they weren’t â€Å"talented† not because they were stolen from and lacked resources. This is the same mentality used in schools. For example, when applying to college all applicants are looked at the same scale a s if they were all equally resourced, supported, protected etc. But this is not fair because minority students, in particular, are traditionally under resourced but are still expected to thrive at the same rate as a person who was actually prepared. So a black minorities have to workShow MoreRelatedFor Liberty And Justice For All1721 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"For liberty and justice for all† (USC 4 Sec. 4). In present day society, it is often assumed mainly by minorities that we live in a racist country despite the claims by higher government organizations that â€Å"fight† for equality. Due to many police brutality cases ranging from the nineties with the Rodney King beating to just recently in 2014 with the Michael Brown shooting, it is clear that racism is still very present in this country, whether we want to acknowledge it or not. US News even concludedRead MoreLiberty And Justice For All842 Words   |  4 PagesLiberty and Justice for All? â€Å"Behind this mask there is more than just flesh. Beneath this mask there is an idea... and ideas are bulletproof.†-V (1988). An inspiring and truthful quote on the sheer immorality of a mindset and ideals. While this quote is meant to speak for the good and righteous things humans stand for to protect their liberties and â€Å"freedoms†, this quote brings to light a sad and dark truth. That creeds of hate, creeds that are only satisfied by the degradation of thy neighborRead MoreLiberty And Justice For All1083 Words   |  5 PagesLiberty and Justice for All All American citizens who pay their taxes and abide by all laws set by the government believe they deserve all rights afforded under the Constitution of the United States of America. This includes the right of Marriage. Who defines marriage? 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A huge theme that had emerged throughout the preceding revolution had been the importance of liberty. The supporters of the revolution had stressed on multiple occasions that all men have certain liberties that they are entitled to, but the questions that lacked an answer during this session of the Constitutional Convention were â€Å"What exactly were those liberties?† andRead MoreWith Liberty and Justice for All: Thoughts on the Death Penalty1639 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinition of justice is righteousness, equitableness, or moral rightness and finally, Liberty is another word for indepen dence. When it comes to the death penalty, people are killed every day and or put on death row because of a crime that they committed. To many the death penalty sounds cruel and heartless and to others people feel that it is better to kill a mass murderer for example then to keep them in prison for life. Therefore, how Americans define freedom, liberty and justice the death penaltyRead MoreLiberty and Justice for All: The Pursuit for Gay Rights Essay1262 Words   |  6 Pagesegalitarian and inclusive in ensuring individuals rights, the right of marriage should be available to all couples, across all states, regardless of their sexual preferences. Fighting for the rights guaranteed to every citizen in the United States Constitution Americans have claimed that by denying homosexuals the right to marry each other is an act of discrimination upon a specific group of people. Not all Americans are being included in their civil right to equal treatment. By not addressing, what constitutesRead MoreJustice Means Equality For Equals And Inequality For Unequal s Equality1593 Words   |  7 PagesC.S Lewis once said â€Å"justice means equality for equals and inequality for unequal’s† . To interpret this quote we must first define what justice really means. 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Apollo 13 free essay sample

Apollo 13 The Apollo 13 mission to the moon may have been the most miraculous event in history. Not only were the astronauts able to make it through any obstacle they faced, but they used their intellect in every situation. Set in the 1960’s, the Americans were still dreaming of landing on the moon. Although it had already been done by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, NASA wanted to do it again. Piloted by Jim Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise, the story of Apollo 13 was very interesting. In order for the crew to safely survive in space, they had hours of simulations and other preparations. If one thing went wrong, the whole mission could be ruined and the crew could be killed. For months before the launch, they’re forced to go into the simulation, where they’re faced with dealing with many different problems. If the astronauts didn’t solve the problem in time, they would have to keep trying until they finally mastered. This ideology should be emphasized in business corporations. If the collective goal could be identified at the beginning of each problem, it is not difficult to facilitate a collective effort to achieve a common goal. The essence of this film is to teach entities integrity and teamwork. The other side felt that while they could see how the mission was conducted with integrity, but they still having a difficult time seeing how any of it came down to ethics. They did not see any ethical dilemmas played out in the film or the real story of Apollo 13. The mission was aborted, in order to save the astronauts’ own lives, but that is not an ethical decision. We felt that the two most relevant issues were leadership and teamwork. These are the important learning lessons from the film, Apollo 13. Leadership, with complement to teamwork, salvaged the space crew from complete failure. If we had to pick just one relevant issue however, leadership would definitely win out. Your thoughts, insights, and/or conclusions about the Apollo 13 leadership and team lessons. Even though the Apollo 13 team failed the ultimate mission to the moon, we believe leadership and teamwork throughout the film is what made the mission successful. Our team believes teamwork and leadership is what steered the crew through the storm of great danger to reach the haven of safety to Earth. This film depicted characteristics of courage, perseverance, resilience and synergy that embody the idea of leadership and teamwork. The moral of the story can exemplify the challenges leaders face in modern day business. If corporate leaders can take values from the movie and instill strong leadership and teamwork principles into their business, this promotes sustainable success that will overcome any challenges. From the film, Gene Kranz and Jim Lovell collaborated through complex issues and stayed vigilant to their common goal in preparing for the astronaut’s safety return. We have found the J. Singh’s (2008) article entitled, â€Å"Imposters Masquerading as Leaders: Can the Contagion be Contained? † supports Apollo13’s leadership idea through the elements of energy, expertise, and integrity. A true leader according to Singh (2008) â€Å" his energy level at work, or drive, and passion to excel; or what in sporting parlance is referred to as the ‘killer instinct. ’ It performs the role of a starter or dynamo in an engine. It triggers the machine to life† (p. 738). Lovell’s team and Kranz’s team worked together to work out solutions to power the Command Module enable to restart Odyssey to get them back to Earth. The film captured the intensity of the challenge when Kranz said â€Å"failure is not an option† (Grazer, 1995). At the height of the stress, Kranz and Lovell were kicked into the ‘killer instinct’ to do everything in their power to find a solution to bring Lovell’s team home. The second element of leadership according to Singh is expertise. Singh argued â€Å"raw energy can be wasteful, even destructive, if not harnessed well. Therefore, one must be skilled at handling it and channeling it for constructive purposes. Singh latter added expertise is fostered by the â€Å"advanced know-how. † It is acquired through one’s specialized education and training in the related discipline and through â€Å"personal earning distilled from day-to – day experiences† (p. 739). Lovell and his team received extensive training to prepare for their mission prior to launching. Kranz and his team are competent in directing the astronauts for the mi ssion. The teams shared and exchanged each other’s knowledge and expertise to execute the plan to persevere through the danger from death. The third element of leadership profile is integrity (Singh, 2008). Singh argued integrity may be an old fashioned virtue. However, â€Å"no company can claim excellence unless its management is based on a set of non-negotiable values (p. 739). Integrity is a broad term, some of the attributes to this word pertains to the film are honest/transparency, ethics or integrity, communication consistency, honoring commitments, mutual respect, extend credit and appreciation for job well done, accountability for mistakes and stay grounded to his/her beliefs and values (Singh, 2008). The idea of integrity and ethics were shown throughout the film. Lovell and his team were transparent to the problem throughout the challenge to avoid any miscommunications. Lovell and Kranz’s team maintained mutual respect and open communication on issues and challenges they were having in the mission. When Mattingly and Aaron found the way to restart Odyssey by transmitting the power from Aquarius to get Lovell’s team back to safely, their works were acknowledged and recognized by the leaders in the mission of saving Lovell’s team. Not only did the film demonstrated strong leadership skills in maintaining vigilance in prioritizing space crew’s safety, teamwork complements the final success of getting the crew back home safely. Jon Katzenbach and Douglas Smith’s research (2005), â€Å"The Discipline of Teams† argued true teamwork is prescribed through teams sharing leadership roles, holding people accountable, specific team purpose each team delivers, collective work products, encourage open-ended discussions in problem setting situation, measuring performance by assessing collective work products, discussion and make decision that work for everyone (p. 64). These characteristics were apparent in Kranz’s team when they sit together to brainstorm solutions to bring the astronauts back to Earth. Each member in Kranz’s teams was assigned different tasks and was encouraged to come up with new solutions to help solve this problem. Your experiences with the team process. Challenges? Benefits? Changes from beginning of week to end of week? Team project usually is more of a challenge than ease due to the requirement of equal commitments from every member of the team. Teamwork from online program is more difficult as teams re made of members that are from different geographic locations. The challenge was even greater for us because our team has the largest time zone difference than the other teams in our class. Brittan is working Afghanistan and Shawnae and I (Yi) live on the opposite side of the country from Shawnae. We were limited in being able to â€Å"meet† and discuss the project as frequently as we would want due to other obligations, such all of us work full time. However, we were able to manage this stress by actively communicating with each other about our situation and limitation. We were able to utilize team forums and chat room to facilitate our communication for this case project. Despite the fact that we were separated by different time zones and working full time, our team were able to communicate last Sunday and properly communicate the work we have to do. Each of the members took on a portion of the assignment and work on it on our own time. Even though we have never met physically, we were confident in our each other’s ability to meet the requirement of getting our portion of the work done on time for our discussion.

 Lang Coursework Essay Example

  Lang Coursework Essay How is Juliet portrayed in the play Romeo and Juliet? Explain how you would want a modern audience to understand about the character. Juliets character is an assortment of innocence, youth and inner strength. Her portrayal, however, did not fit well with the stereotypical view of Elizabethan women who had to conform to societal rules by obeying their fathers and husbands. They were not granted free will or free speech, and so Juliets initial portrayal depicts her as a dutiful daughter, who goes on to shock by deceiving her name to break the barriers of true love. Act 1 scene 3 is Juliets first scene, where her Nurse and mother, Lady Capulet, accompany her. In this scene, Juliet is portrayed as youthful, innocent and obedient. The Nurses constant references to her babyhood portray the childlike perception people hold of Juliet. The fact that she is not married It is an honour that I dream not of. We will write a custom essay sample on   Lang Coursework specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on   Lang Coursework specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on   Lang Coursework specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer is evident of her preservation as a child, which is so because she was the only child of Lord and Lady Capulet to survive. She proves innocent and obedient Ill look to like, if looking liking moveThan your consent gives strength to make it fly. when she states that she has given no thought to the idea of marriage, yet however she will love Paris if asked to. Elizabethan audiences would have observed Juliets indisputable loyalty for her parents as typical behaviour for a girl. Shakespeare uses this predictable behaviour as a lull in action, in order to foundation the impact Juliet evokes upon the Elizabethan audience when she betrays her family name for her only enemy. Romeo and Juliets first encounter occurs in Act 1 scene 5, during the Capulets feast. Here, Juliet is completely infatuated with Romeo, as he is with her, and this causes a change in her portrayal since she acts coquettishly Good pilgrim, you do wrong your hand too much. She teases Romeo, only enough to keep him interested in her. This proves her character to be changing, since she contradicts her youth in Act 1 scene 3, where she had not considered love. She also challenges her innocence, by unexpectedly kissing Romeo You kiss by th book. Juliets abrupt change in character would have surprised Elizabethans, since she had altered herself from being the dutiful daughter that was expected of her, to an ill behaved child that would have been frowned upon. Above that, Juliets reference to religion would have appalled, since it was being used in conjunction with her intolerable deeds, such as betraying her family name to woo her only enemy. It is in Act 2 scene 2 where Romeo and Juliet truly declare their love for one another, and this happens by Juliets balcony at the Capulet household. In this scene, Juliet abandons her youth when she portrays herself persistent and assertive in order to keep her love. She discontinues her courtship with Romeo in order to bring in the prospect of love, Or if thou thinkest I am too quickly won, Ill frown a be perverse and say thee nay, So thou wilt woo-. as opposed to her initial depiction, where she had not given it a single thought. She dominates the topic of conversation Deny thy father and refuse thy name; Or if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, And Ill no longer be a Capulet. as she requests that they resolve their current situation. Juliets dominance over Romeo, through her perseverance for resolving their affair, would not have been the norm for Elizabethan women. For Juliet to have acted in that manner would have shocked Elizabethans, since it was not traditional for a woman of that era to approach a man. Having done so, Juliets character would have been detested in Elizabethan society. During Act 3 scene 2, the Elizabethan audience lose sight of Juliets preliminary portrayal. She becomes sharp tempered and passionate, as opposed to her initial youth and innocence, during her wait for her Nurses return from her meet with Romeo about the prospect of marriage. Juliet curses her Nurse for her delay, What devil art thou that dost torment me thus? since she is made to wait for Romeos reply in agony and anxiety, and therefore the audience cannot depict Juliet as innocent as she used to be. The contrast to her former portrayal continues, as Juliet speaks passionately of Romeo, despite his slaying of her cousin Tybalt O serpent heart, hid with a flowring face! Did ever a dragon keep so fair a cave? Beautiful tyrant, fiend angelical- She wishes to curse Romeo for his part in Tybalts death, but cannot bring herself to do so. Instead, Juliet ends up using a vast variety of oxymorons to depict her undisputable love for Romeo, contradicting all the while with her initial youth that was her insignificance with love. Juliets arrogant and impatient depiction in this scene was not the stereotypical nature of Elizabethan women. It would have appalled, since rather than waiting for Romeo to approach her-without free speech, she questioned Elizabethan womans rights by taking it upon herself to resolve her state of affairs with him. In Act 3 scene 5, Juliet conveys a bleak contrast in behaviour to that of her initial portrayal. She display wilfulness, as opposed to her preliminary innocence, during her combat with her father over the prospect of her marriage with Paris Now by Saint Peters Church, and Peter too, He shall not make me there a joyful bride! Much to the discontent of her father, Juliet refuses to marry Paris. Her unruly behaviour continues through means of oppressive shouting, causing Lord Capulet to resort to verbal threats I tell thee what: get thee to Church a Thursday, Or never after look me in the face! However, Juliets incontestable love for Romeo defies her fathers intimidation, and she continues to disobey and quarrel. Eventually, Juliets radical behaviour causes Lord and Lady Capulet to depart, leaving the Nurse to persuade the child. Nevertheless, Juliets love is unquestionable, and a difference in opinion between the two results in an angry young Capulet Ancient damnation! O most wicked fiend! Is it more sin to wish me thus foresworn- She has been let down by her Nurse, the only person whom she could really rely upon. Without any reassurance or support, Juliet is left to curse her only aid in her love bound situation. She takes an abrupt mood swing, and is anxious to know how she will resolve her problem. In total desperation and anxiety, Juliet seeks the Friar for advice. Juliets wilfulness during her quarrel with her father would not have been an Elizabethan childs custom. For Juliet to act in that way would have had Elizabethan audiences taken aback, since she neglected what was expected of her, and that was for her to obey her father, rather than question him. Throughout Act 4 scene 3, Juliet conveys tremendous courage by acting through love, regardless of the severe repercussions her actions may bring. She expresses emotions of apprehension and fear, however surpasses them due to her desire to be with Romeo. She begins the scene apprehensive, as she considers whether the Friars role in supplying her with poison was a supportive deed, or an ominous one What if it be a poison which the Friar Subtly hath ministered to have me dead- Owing to her contemplations, Juliet develops a fear for the treacherous consequences her actions could bring. She becomes reluctant towards drinking the poison, and portrays timidity, -a fearful point. Shall I not then be stifled in the vault, To whose foul mouth no helthsome air breathes in- as opposed to her boldly spoken character at the expense of Paris, when she debated her validity in his life in previous scenes It may be so, for it is not mine own- Despite all her fears, Juliets love for Romeo guides her to courageously drink the poison, in hope that she will be reunited with her one true love Romeo, Romeo, Romeo! Heres drink-I drink to thee. Juliets display of courage during her decision to drink the poison was not a custom held by Elizabethan women. Having drunk the poison, Juliet would have shocked the Elizabethan audience because it was not common for a woman of that era to have boldly taken her own life, not to mention decide how her own life would have been run. Act 5 scene 3 is Juliets final scene, in which she concludes her atypical behaviour, as well as her life. However, doing so, she displays courage and strength, unusual traits for an Elizabethan daughter. As Juliet wakes, Romeo lies dead beside her, having taken poison. She mourns his death, all the while showing immense strength -the watch is coming. Come, go, good Juliet. I dare no longer stay! as she stands firm in the presence of the tomb watchmen. Her uncanny behaviour continues, as her infatuation with Romeo empowers her to kiss his lips for poison I will kiss thy lips. Haply some poison yet doth hang on them. To no avail, Romeo has drunk the last drop of poison, leaving none for Juliet to accompany him after death. Due to emotions of apprehension and passion, Juliet defies all barriers of love by boldly stabbing herself, furthermore sacrificing her life to be with Romeo; her one true love O happy dagger, This is thy sheath. There rust, and let me die. Juliets disregard for her fathers will of her marriage with Paris was not at all pleasing to the Elizabethans. For her to cunningly defy his power as a father in order to be with whom she loved was intolerable. She had not behaved as expected, and for that she would not have been accepted in Elizabethan society. As well as that, her act of suicide displeased God, therefore displeased the greatly religious Elizabethans. Back then; Juliets suicide would have caused uproar. To conclude, I think Juliet was initially portrayed as a youthful, innocent child, and as her intolerable love for Romeo progressed, her inner strength and belief in what was right developed her into the mature, wilful young woman who died for her true feelings.

Decoding the Six Conflicts in Literature (With Examples)

Decoding the Six Conflicts in Literature (With Examples) Conflict is part of the narrative arc and does much to connect readers to a story or a storys characters. It involves problems or obstacles that arise within a story- both internal (or in a characters mind) and external (caused by other characters or forces). Since all readers are familiar with conflict in their own lives, it helps to deepen engagement with a story or character and provide deeper meaning to the story.While there is some disagreement about how many types of conflict are evident in literature, the most commonly accepted number is six different types. These include: Man vs. Self, Man vs. Man, Man vs. Society, Man vs. Nature, Man vs. Technology, and Man vs. Fate (or the Supernatural.) Its important to point out that in these literary terms, Man insinuates Human, so it isnt limited to the male gender.Man vs. SelfMan vs. Self is the only example of internal conflict youll see in literary works and involves a character experiencing conflict within his or her own mind. Hamle t is probably the most well-known literary character experiencing Man vs. Self conflict throughout much of the famous Shakespearian play. A good example of how Shakespeare uses this conflict for character building are the following lines:To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, tis a consummation Devoutly to be wishd. To die, to sleep; To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, theres the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause: theres the respect That makes calamity of so long life.HamletMan vs. Self conflict is most often seen when a character faces mixed emotions over his or her actions, or a decision that has to be made/has been made. You can also see this conflict evident when a character is facing mental illness or is unable to forgive himself or herself over past actions.Man vs. ManMan vs. Man is commonly seen in literature and modern storytelling and is a type of external conflict. This conflict will most often play out between a protagonist and his or her antagonist, although it can also appear between friends or acquaintances, as well.A famous example from literature of Man vs. Man conflict is in the opening paragraph of The Cask of Amontillado, a short story written by Edgar Allan Poe.The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, but when he ventured upon insult, I vowed revenge. You, who so well know the nature of my soul, will not suppose, however, that I gave utterance to a threat. At length I would be avenged; this was a point definitely settled- but the very definitiveness with which it was resolved, precluded the idea of risk. I must not only punish, but punish with impunity. A wron g is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger fails to make himself felt as such to him who has done the wrong.The Cask of AmontilladoIn these opening lines, the narrator, Montresor, establishes his conflict with another man named Fortunato. This story also involves internal conflict (Montresor is what is known as an unreliable narrator, and the reader isnt quite sure how much of Montresors claims they can trust).Man vs. SocietyThis type of conflict is often seen in Science Fiction and is an external conflict that involves a protagonist at odds with a ruling body (which could be ones family), or social or cultural norms. For example, if the protagonist is fighting his or her government, or is accused of a crime he or she didnt commit, these would be examples of Man vs. Society as conflict. If a protagonist is going against the grain of what his or her society and people expect, this is also an example of Man vs. Society conflic t.An example of Man vs. Society conflict can be seen in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter, in which the main character, Hester Prynne, is shunned by her people, the Puritans, for having a baby with a man who was not her husband (who has been lost at sea). Below is a quote that summarizes this struggle:No man, for any considerable period, can wear one face to himself and another to the multitude, without finally getting bewildered as to which may be the true.The Scarlet LetterMan vs. NatureIf youve read a story or seen a movie where the main character must face some sort of storm or event that happens as a force of nature (such as an animal attack), youve seen the Man vs. Nature conflict in action. Natural disasters like tornadoes or a character who is lost at sea and trying to find land are examples of this conflict, as well. In these stories, the concept of human survival despite the forces of nature is highlighted and in many cases, youll also find the internal conflict of M an vs. Self playing out simultaneously. A large reason for this is that nature can be significantly more powerful than humanity, so there is much self-doubt and struggle as the protagonist comes to terms with this fact.A great example of the Man vs. Nature conflict from literature is Ernest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea.He always thought of the sea as la mar which is what people call her in Spanish when they love her. Sometimes those who love her say bad things of her but they are always said as though she were a woman. Some of the younger fishermen, those who used buoys as floats for their lines and had motorboats, bought when the shark livers had brought much money, spoke of her as el mar which is masculine.They spoke of her as a contestant or a place or even an enemy. But the old man always thought of her as feminine and as something that gave or withheld great favours, and if she did wild or wicked things it was because she could not help them. The moon affects her as it do es a woman, he thought.The Old Man and the SeaMan vs. TechnologyAnother popular conflict seen in Science Fiction is Man vs. Technology, which is when a protagonist is facing machines or technology (such as mechanical failure or robots) and must prevail against it. In many cases, youll see elements of Man vs. Society conflict happening within these same stories, as the technology is often used to enforce or maintain social and cultural norms.A great example from literature of the Man vs. Technology conflict is Philip K. Dicks Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, a book which inspired the cult hit movie, Blade Runner. Heres a quote from it:Do you have information that theres an android in the cast? Id be glad to help you, and if I were an android would I be glad to help you? An android, he said, doesnt care what happens to another android. Thats one of the indications we look for. Then, Miss Luft said, you must be an android.Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?Man vs. Fate or the Sup ernaturalYoull find Man vs. Fate conflict often throughout ancient literature, particularly Greek myth and Arthurian lore. Youll even see it a lot in Shakespearean plays. Man vs. Fate or Man vs. the Supernatural is a conflict that occurs when the protagonist finds himself or herself pitted against a vengeful god or powerful supernatural force. As with other types of conflict, particularly Man vs. Nature, youll often see this one combined with the Man vs. Self struggle. This is because the protagonist must come to terms with his or her own humanity and limitations when involved in a Man vs. Fate conflict.A perfect example of this conflict from literature would be Homers The Odyssey, in which Odysseus, on his way home from the Trojan War, encounters a range of supernatural forces and beings attempting to stall him. Heres a good quote:Ah how shameless- the way these mortals blame the gods. From us alone they say come all their miseries yes but they themselves with their own reckless wa ys compound their pains beyond their proper share.The Odyssey

Largest Metropolitan Areas in the United States

Largest Metropolitan Areas in the United States Some of the most populous cities in the United States have held on to those top spots decade after decade. In fact, New York City has been the largest U.S. metropolitan area since the countrys first census in 1790. The other long-time holders of top-three titles are Los Angeles and Chicago. To have a change in the top three, you have to go back to 1980 to have Los Angeles and Chicago trade places, with Chicago holding the number two spot. Then, you have to look back to 1950 to find Los Angeles moving down to number 4 behind Philadelphia and keep heading back to 1940 to have Detroit push Los Angeles down to number five.   The Census Bureaus Criteria The U.S. Census Bureau conducts official census counts every ten years, and regularly releases population estimates for consolidated metropolitan statistical areas (CMSAs), metropolitan statistical  areas, and primary metropolitan areas. CMSAs  are urban areas (such as one or more counties) with a city of more than 50,000 and its surrounding suburbs. The area needs to have a combined population of at least 100,000 (in New England, the total population requirement is 75,000). The suburbs need to be economically and socially integrated with the core city, in most cases by a high level of residents commuting into the core city, and the area needs to have a specific percentage of the urban population or population density. The Census Bureau first started using a definition of a metropolitan area for census work in the tabulation of 1910 and used the minimum of 100,000 or more residents, revising it in 1950 down to 50,000 to take into account the growth of suburbs and their integration with the city they surround. About Metropolitan Areas The 30 largest metropolitan areas in the United States are those urban and suburban areas containing populations of more than 2 million. The top five largest metropolitan areas  are still the five largest in population as represented in the 2010 U.S. Census. This list of the top 30 metropolitan areas spans from New York City to Milwaukee; youll note that many of the largest consolidated metros in New England stretch through multiple states. Several others across the country span borders as well; for example, Kansas City, Kansas stretches over into Missouri.  In another example, St. Paul and Minneapolis are both completely in Minnesota, but there are people residing right across the border in Wisconsin who are considered an integrated part of the metropolitan statistical area of Minnesotas Twin Cities. The data here represents the estimates from July 2016; a new census will take place in 2020. The 30 Biggest U.S. Metropolitan Areas from Largest to Smallest   1. New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA 23,689,255 2. Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 18,688,022 3. Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI 9,882,634 4. Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA 9,665,892 5. San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA 8,751,807 6. Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT 8,176,376 7. Dallas-Fort Worth, TX-OK 7,673,305 8. Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD 7,179,357 9. Houston-The Woodlands, TX 6,972,374 10. Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL 6,723,472 11. Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA 6,451,262 12. Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor, MI 5,318,653 13. Seattle-Tacoma, WA 4,684,516 14. Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI 3,894,820 15. Cleveland-Akron-Canton, OH 3,483,311 16. Denver-Aurora, CO 3,470,235 17. Orlando-Deltona-Daytona Beach, FL 3,202,927 18. Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA 3,160,488 19. St. Louis-St. Charles-Farmington, MO-IL 2,911,769 20. Pittsburgh-New Castle-Weirton, PA-OH-WV 2,635,228 21. Charlotte-Concord, NC-SC 2,632,249 22. Sacramento-Roseville, CA 2,567,451 23. Salt Lake City-Provo-Orem, UT 2,514,748 24. Kansas City-Overland Park-Kansas City, MO-KS 2,446,396 25. Columbus-Marion-Zanesville, OH 2,443,402 26. Las Vegas-Henderson, NV-AZ 2,404,336 27. Indianapolis-Carmel-Muncie, IN 2,386,199 28. Cincinnati-Wilmington-Maysville, OH-KY-IN 2,224,231 29. Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC 2,156,253 30. Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI 2,043,274